Conservation of Natural Resources

We should be proud of our country’s natural bounty and unique bio-diversity. India is amongst the rare countries where major biomes of the world are represented. India is one among the twelve countries where 60-70% of the world’s total biodiversity exists. India has two out of the 18 biodiversity hot spots in the world. India has rich traditional knowledge and wisdom in the conservation of nature and natural resources. Religious beliefs, culture and folklore have together treated nature and environment with sanctity. Conservation and protection of environment and love for nature have always been part and parcel of Indian ethos and culture. Independent India has traveled a long way on the path of progress and industrialization in order to achieve better quality of life. We have accelerated the process of development without considering the adverse impact on nature and environment. The development without care for environment has posed threats to the very existence of life itself. Now the realization that mere progress and economic development cannot solve all our problems has increased. Development and environment should go hand in hand. Sustainable development is the new paradigm. The Ministry of Environment and Forests has drawn many programmes and policies to combat these problems. Steps are being taken to preserve the pristine eco-systems through establishment of Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks and Biosphere Reserves. More and newer areas are being brought into-the protected areas status. At the same time, steps have been †¢taken for welfare of the forest people, particularly the tribals, who have lived in the forests for centuries and who are also repository of traditional knowledge on conservation and sustainable utilization. The National Museum of Natural History is an important institutional tool for spreading awareness on the evolution of our Universe and life on it. It has played a strong and active role in creating environmental awareness. I am happy to say that the Museum has been active in creating such awareness hrough a number of educational programmes, exhibitions, nature camps etc. for more than two-and-a-half decades. Today, the Museum and its Regional Centres are recognized as the centres for non-formal environmental education. It is indeed a pleasure for all of us to be celebrating the 25th Year of the Foundation of the Museum. I am happy to see that a number of children have participated in various activities of the Museum. These activities will help all of you in developing a sense of environmental responsibility, which is so essential in our every day life. It is the absence of this responsibility which is causing problems on our streets, residential areas, market places and other public places. This leaves you all – responsible citizens of tomorrow, with a great burden to shoulder. But I am confident that you have the capacity not merely of shouldering this burden but also influencing people much older to you in following environmental discipline. I wish the officers and staff of National Museum of Natural History the very best in their future endeavour. I would like to thank and congratulate Prof. Yash Pal who has delivered his Key-note on the relevant theme. We need such scientists who could contribute to spread scientific temper among masses which will eventually lead to betterment of their lives and better understanding of the delicate web of life that exists on this only planet known to sustain life. I congratulate the winners of Awards for Prevention of Pollution, Rajiv Gandhi Award for Clean Technology and Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar. The awardees for the best original writings in Hindi on environmental issues also deserve my special appreciation for their efforts in popularization of environmental issues in the official languages. There is dearth of such literature in the regional languages. The Ministry will encourage other regional languages also which will help to take the environmental message to the grass root levels, across the country. I am personally grateful to our Hon’ble Vice President, Thiru. Shekhawatji to have accepted the invitation to grace the occasion. I know that he is keenly interested in the issues related to environment. His own State of Rajasthan is an example of all climate adversities, yet you can see maximum vibrancy of all forms of life that exist there including those of fellow citizens.

Did William Pitt Bring About a National Revival?

Did William Pitt Bring About A National Revival? On one hand, it is easy to believe that Pitt did bring about national revival but on the other hand there are many factors that may lead one to believe otherwise. For example, the end of the American war and the Industrial Revolution both would have happened whether Pitt was in power or not. But many factors, such as Pitt’s natural skill and his reform ideas, helped him to contribute to the national revival. Pitt introduced the Eden Treaty and formed it with France.This helped to increased trade in Britain as, as a country, exports were vastly increased. Pitt also tightened the laws around smuggling items both into and out of Britain which also increased trade. He did this by introducing bonded warehouses, where goods could be stores free of tax until they were taken out of Britain for sale. The Sinking Fund was also introduced by Pitt and helped, again, to increase the amount of money in Britain. He did this by using Britainâ⠂¬â„¢s profits to pay off debts instead of spending money on other goods, but this was interrupted by the war against France.Pitt also made sure that all of the government’s money was collected and spent correctly in the right places. The streamlining of the Treasury’s financial management with the Consolidation Fund Act, where all 103 exchequer accounts were replaced by one, allowed proper national accounting. However, there were many factors that contributed to a national revival that Pitt was not responsible for. Pitt inherited the national deficit which was a huge advantage to him because it meant that the state of Britain and the government could only improve.The end of the war in America meant that overseas trade would increase and this helped Britain’s imports and exports to boom. This was also helped along by the Industrial Revolution, beginning in the North East, which increased trade in and out of Britain. To conclude, in many ways Pitt did contribute greatly to the national revival but he was helped by other factors that were out of his reach. The Sinking Fund helped Pitt along greatly but he was also assisted by the Industrial Revolution and booming trade from other nations.

Classic Airlines Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Classic Airlines - Case Study Example These decreases have been accompanied by rising operational costs that have forced the company to find ways to cut costs by 15 percent over the next 18 months. These cost cutting measures are necessary in order for them to remain financially sound. While cutting costs the company must also find a way to attract new customers, produce a higher level of satisfaction for their current flyers, as well as bring their once loyal customers back as frequent flyers with their airline. In the wake of financial crisis any marketing efforts cannot involve airfare price reductions; therefore the company is challenged with finding ways to improve the perceived value of flying with them. The organization's focus must be centered on the needs and wants of their consumer while being conscious of costs. While there are many issues facing Classic Airlines, the most relevant to this analysis are contained in the communication threads of emails and meeting excerpts. Of these, there were three primary indicators or events that prompted the issues listed in Table 1. First, the relational dynamic among the members of the management team is unhealthy. The fact that the individuals do not necessarily agree on the processes that will best contribute to the overall success of Classic Airlines is not the issue. The problem lies in the way management is polarizing into an "us vs. them" mentality. As can be seen from the informal meetings and emails, the CEO and CFO have a general lack of respect for the value of marketing to enhance shareholder value, and view it as a necessary expense of operations. Further, the CEO's reference to "Boyle and friends" suggests a suspiciousness of motive. The CFO's personal comments about Mr. Boyle demonstrate an outright hostility. Management of a company that is having profitability issues must resist the tendency to polarize. In fact, the CEO and CFO are presenting a classical example of "push down" responsibility, where "because they are often unfamiliar with entangling details, top management tends to expect succe ssful results without complications." (Pulhamus, 1991, 86) The marketing team, in a similar fashion, is closing ranks and taking an adversarial view of the CEO and CFO. This dynamic must be adjusted to bring balance and respect in the communication of conflicting ideas. Secondly, the CEO and CFO are focused on a singular model to attain profitability, i.e., cost leadership in the market and operational efficiencies. While cost management is a valid tool, it is not exclusive. The CEO views marketing primarily as an operational expense and not a component of the business model that will add value to the company. The CFO is so focused on the fuel hedging tactic that she has taken a defensive position around it to protect it from encroachment; this territorial view of a single method precludes the introduction of new, and more effective, methods of containing costs and increasing profitability. Finally, the CEO has specifically stated that the company does not need an alliance. Even a cursory glance at industry

Level 3 Research Statistics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Level 3 Research Statistics - Assignment Example Online journal articles Websites of the regulatory bodies Medical websites Reliability and Validity of information Printed information Oral information Electronic information Based on facts Data collection procedure explained Analysis made open to verification Concurs with other independently published material. Cross verify by asking multiple individuals Verify against previously ascertained data Based on facts Data collection procedure explained Analysis made open to verification Concurs with other independently published material. 5. Introduction: The effects of alcohol on various cognitive processes are well documented. There is evidence that even at low BAC’s there can be significant impairing of key psycho-motor functions that are implicated in driving, including vision, perception, tracking, attention and information processing. The effects of alcohol are also affected by habit, gender, age, weight and emotional state. Burns and Moskowitz (1977) have found that chronic drinkers show less impairment on the surface as compared to occasional drinkers. The same alcohol consumption leads to differing BAC levels depending on the weight of the drinker. Women are more likely to show impairment as compared to men with the same amount of alcohol consumption (Howat et. al.; 1991). ... Vision is significantly impaired by alcohol consumption, in that there is a tendency to focus centrally, with less use of peripheral vision; such that the ability to us peripheral vision is impaired (Buikhuisen and Jongman, 1972). Apparently, alcohol consumption causes a narrowing of the field of vision. Other data has shown that this impairment, though significant, is not enough to account for crashes. Other evidence suggests that the problem is more explainable by the impairment of perception. Alcohol reduces the individuals’ ability to process perceptually complex information. This may explain why simple driving conditions are not particularly impaired, as compared to complex conditions brought about by multiple stimuli present on city streets (Adams and Brown, 1975). Tracking – in driving conditions the steering of the vehicle – is a very complex activity under the best of circumstances. Even minor impairment seems to have significant effects of steering beha viour as it requires activation of multiple faculties (Drew et al., 1959). The mind stores information under different classifications, creating a complex mental structure. When requires, activation of the relevant parts of this structure allow us to use the necessary information. Alcohol inhibits this ability of the brain to access information; and also makes the interpretation of presented information more difficult (Attwood, 1978). It has been found that response times lengthen under the effect of alcohol, an effect seen more prominently as the number of stimuli keeps increasing (Boyd et al., 1962). Attention is among the first of the psycho-motor abilities to be affected by alcohol, making the task of gathering information more

Physics and Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Physics and Art - Essay Example It originated in Abbey Church of St. Denis in Paris as a vision of Abbot Suger. He wanted to create a physical representation of Heavenly Jerusalem. It is characterized by gothic arches, ribbed vaults, clustered columns, and flying buttresses. This style is usually associated with cathedrals and churches. The gothic arch, characterized by a tendency to form a point at its apex and typically even jointed, symbolizes an admiration to heaven, and it channels the weight onto the bearing piers or columns at a steep angle, thus making the structure stronger. Examples of this can be found in the central large window of the following image as well as in the two smaller windows high up on on the towers. The ribbed vaults are used to roof irregular shapes. These are usually seen in areas spanning windows of many structures but were also used to support heavy roofing material in larger sized rooms without the need for as many interior columns. These styles were adopted by different countries like Portugal, France, Spain, & England. Big Ben is one of London’s famous structures. At night, the clock face of the tower is illuminated, creating an amazing view to everybody looking at it. As the following image shows, the clock faces are designed based on the Arts and Crafts movement with its emphasis on the stained glass construction. This design also enables some of the face pieces to be removed for the inspection of the hands.The faces are set in iron framework with the surround of the dials and the inner face heavily gilded. They are approximately 21 feet in diameter. Big Ben does not refer to the clock itself, but to a bell hung within that clock. It has a 9-0" diameter, is 7-6" high, and weighs 13 tons 10 cwts 3 qtrs 15lbs (13,760 Kg). It is the most famous bell ever cast at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry only a few miles away from Westminster Tower. Look to the photo to the right for a concept of the scale of the great

Examine the role of social media in customer relationship management Essay

Examine the role of social media in customer relationship management 02221 - Essay Example Twitter, Facebook, etc (Holzner, 2008). The complete interactions that take place through the social channels provides various information to small companies, which can be utilized to enhance their services, products, as well as overall approach towards their business (Evans, 2012). Companies are required to value social media as well as realise that it is a two-way or joint process. If they choose to utilize social media like the customer centric stage, they can’t avoid complaints or the negative comments. In reality, one in three Twitter and Facebook user consider that companies should reply to the social grievances within two hours. People have some hopes, and companies should meet those hopes or expectations. Social media is considered as the newest channel by which companies can interact with the target customers (Sponder, 2012). Customer relationship administration/management is referred to the tactics, practices, and technologies, which organizations or firms use to record, manage, and assess customer interactions or communications to drive the growth of sales by enriching and deepening relationships with their entire customer base. The systems of customer relationship management are designed in order to collect customers’ information across various channels such as company’s website, live chat, marketing materials, telephone, social media, and live chat (Boulding et al, 2005). The systems of CRM can also provide customer-facing employee detailed data, buying preferences, and purchase history. Companies need to make sure that the analysis and storage of their customer facts and data must encompass a highest degree of security against identity theft, cyber criminals as well as other violations of securities (Chen and Popovich, 2003). From the company’s viewpoint, the whole relationship includes the direct communication aspect, for example service and sales related processes, and

Rebuilding Brand Equity of Nokia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rebuilding Brand Equity of Nokia - Essay Example 1). Nokia has been in the mobile market for around thirty years (Kolk & Rungi, 2013, p. 5). Nokia, a 147 years old Finnish company, became the pioneer of public mobile communications technology in the late 1990s when it pushed mobile phone usage onto the global scale (Lindholm & Keinonen, 2003). It was by far the largest mobile phone manufacturer in the early 2000s and produced most of the working class people’s very first mobile phones. In the underdeveloped world, as per D. Steinbock’s claim, the word ‘Nokia’ became synonymous with the word ‘mobile’ (Steinbock, 2001, p. 33). The company Nokia was one of the biggest beneficiaries of the so called ‘dotcom bubble’ (Panko 2008) but unlike the other manufacturing industries, mobile phone manufacturing has seen new market leaders emerge soon after the inception of the business. The apparent reason for this unseating of Nokia from the mobile manufacturing throne seems to be a progressio n of mobile handset technology – specifically from the standard or dumb phones era to the age of smart phones. Useless to say, the previous statement implies that Nokia has not been successful in commanding this shift. With the basic division of the handset technology between the old technology and the smart phone technology, Nokia has remained master of only the old technology. Smart phone sales surpassed the dumb phone sales in the second quarter of 2013, with smart phones accounting for fifty two percent of the mobile phone sales in that period (Shaer, 2013, p. 14). Decline Nokia occupied thirty five percent of the global mobiles business in 2003 (Bosch, 2005, p. 28); ten years later this figure had dropped to fourteen percent (Olson, 2013, p. 6). In October of last year, the company dropped out of the list of the five largest mobile phone vendors for the first time since the financial analyst IDC started maintaining the list (in 2004) (â€Å"Apple Cedes Market Share in S martphone Operating System Market as Android Surges and Windows Phone Gains, According to IDC†, 2013). The Korean consumer electronics corporation Samsung now leads the mobile manufacturing business, while Nokia has already given way (in 2010) in the smart phone platform race as well to Google (which boasts the Android Operating System for smart phones). Resultantly, Nokia has shrunk as an organization overall; it has fewer resources at its disposal and has become less profitable than how much it used to be. The cash reserves of Nokia fell from â‚ ¬4.2 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2012 to â‚ ¬3.6 billion at the end of the very next quarter (Scott, 2013, p. 2). Ever since the company appointed a new, and the first non-Finnish, CEO (Stephen Elop) in 2010, the company has been practising salary base reduction as one of its primary tactics for dealing with the continuous financial loss. The company currently employs only 44,630 people out of the 66,995 working at Nokia at the start of the previous year (â€Å"Nokia Lumia 525: Windows Phone Handset Put Up For Sale At $100 Price Tag In China†, 2014, p. 4). Revival Efforts Susan Sheesha, the head of Global Communications at Nokia, has been promulgating Nokia’s repositioning of itself as a ‘challenger’ brand (Schechner, 2013). She says that after letting go of the ‘market leader’ narrative, the company’

Construction Technology and Innovation Assignment - 1

Construction Technology and Innovation - Assignment Example Among the key aspects are; the rising cost of materials, increased focus in environment protection and the drive to divert waste from land fill. The palpable upshots consist of reduced construction time, high quality in terms of construction, cost savings and promoted sustainable development, reduced environmental impacts in addition to improved resource efficiency. The paper presents and analyses at least five current special methods of constructions in use in UK, building forms and innovative products that can be embraced by the university. It specifically looks into the following methods of construction; smart roofs, precast flat panel systems, structural glazing, and curtain walling and thin join masonry (Watts, 2013). Precast flat panel system is one of the most popular offsite construction innovations being utilized across the UK. Precast concrete manufactured offsite for ornamental and structural elements have been extremely used for a myriad projects ranging from bridge elements to railway sleeper, stadia and housing. Precast concrete solutions provide construction elements that are made from recycled materials. The innovation exist indifferent forms such as floor elements, railway sleepers, portal frames for industrial buildings, roof elements, stairs and structural elements for stadia. As weighed against traditional approaches, precast concrete has been reported to potentially reduce waste on the site of construction by close to 50 percent given that the elements are manufactured from recycled materials. The form of fabrication methods and the concrete enables the manufacturers to construct homogeneous elements through the use of predetermined shutters and forms which are incessantly reused. Some of the benefits associated with precast flat panel systems include durability, high aesthetic value, security and low maintenance. Moreover, the manufacturing process and the design do not

Analyzing Udall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzing Udall - Essay Example Therefore, the positive side is portrayed after he was able to control his anger and it let it go. In addition, Archie spends most of his time in ensuring that his father’s property is well guarded and protected (Udall 196). He ensured that all operations in the ranch are running smoothly even after the death of his father. Therefore, this is an indication that he did not deserve to be put under bars or in house arrest just because of his ill thoughts. Every person has a dark side which might spoil his gains. Although his behavior is wanting, his determination to succeed cannot be washed away by just several acts which were emanating from the anger. Moreover, his attempts to see a psychiatrists, clergymen, and even hypnotists are an indication that he was ready to change. Therefore, using force to change him is not the best option. Instead, providing him with the support and constant advice is the best way to help him avoid the wrath. A hero is someone who is willing to go through tough conditions in order to achieve his objectives which seem to be unachievable by others. This is a person who is able to sacrifice his body on behalf of another person or people. Therefore, the person is subjected to torture and even jeering but he is able to overcome all these challenges and become victorious. One cannot be a hero when he does not struggle in order to achieve a specific goal. Therefore, heroism is associated with achieving something that is almost impossible to get in the eyes of other people. Heroes have compassion, internal inspirations, and are prepare to sacrifice themselves. In the Midnight raid, Roy’s father is my hero. This is because he was ready to endure harsh weather and tight security in his ex-wife compound in order to deliver the goat to his son (Udall 15). He therefore used several tricks in order to ensure that he achieves his objectives. In the past readings Brady Udall, one outstanding aspect is that of teaching the

Guidance and Discipline Issues in the Early Education Essay Example for Free

Guidance and Discipline Issues in the Early Education Essay Children who come from a lower economic background have a much greater disadvantage than other children. Early childhood represents a particularly important time to target children’s risk of behavior problems through proper guidance and discipline. There is a great need for preschool classrooms where processes are able to support a young child’s emotional and behavioral development. Low-income children who attend a lower quality preschool do show an emotional and behavioral adjustment and are placed at a substantially greater risk in the long run (Magnuson, Waldfogel, 2007). This shows us that even though the intentions to teach the child where there, we may be doing more harm to the child then help. It is imperative to learn whether interventions that target social-emotional development in preschool can avert the risk of higher behavior problems among low-income children while also supporting their emotional, behavioral, and academic adjustment. Children who are exposed to a wide range of psychosocial stressors such as living in a poor neighborhood are at a greater risk for developing emotional and behaviors issues. These children also have minimal access to mental health services (Fantuzzo et al. , 1999). Early childhood is quite possibly the most important time to target children’s risk of behavior problems. Evidence regarding the onset of behavior problems as early as toddlerhood is mounting. With this evidence, it suggests that the earlier the intervention is conducted there is a better chance for a more positive result. The goal is to reduce the early childhood behavior issues while preparing the children for school readiness. In order to do this, preschool classrooms have become increasingly important. Approximately 67% of young children in the United Stated are enrolled in center-based or non-relative care prior to enrollment in kindergarten (Innes, Denton, West, 2001). If children from ethnic and minority groups are less likely to be enrolled in a beneficial program, the gap in education may be widened. Children who spend less time in beneficial programs and attend lower-quality programs do not receive the benefit that preschool is intended to give. The experience of a high quality preschool may narrow the racial and ethic gaps, if children from minority groups are more likely to be enrolled and spend more time in them. When it comes to preschool programs and ethic gaps in school readiness, there is shown to be a difference in racial diversity of school readiness. It is shown that a child who attends a quality center or preschool program is more ready to learn upon entering school. These children are much more likely able to know what is expected as far as behavior in the classroom. These children are given the skills in classroom guidance that they needed prior to entering elementary school. However, since not all preschools are of high quality and there are differences in the type and quality of programs, not all children are receiving the benefit. According to Magnuson and Waldfogel, black children are more likely to attend preschool than white children, but may experience lower- quality care. Hispanic children are much less likely that white children to attend preschool. (Magnuson Waldfogel 2005) The best estimates of the effects of early childhood care and school readiness note that these programs enhance children’s cognitive development and academic skills.

Wind Stability Engineering in High Rise Buildings

Wind Stability Engineering in High Rise Buildings In building construction, there is a reciprocal relationship between forces within and external to the structure that directly affect stability and longevity. Fundamentally, damped oscillations operate within a system where a resistance (oftentimes passive) is applied to the structure in direct conflict with the natural or imposed oscillation, thereby stopping the movement (Knight, 2007).   Forced oscillations also act upon a structure as harmonic resonance is neared. In such systems, there is a natural oscillating frequency (number of oscillations completed per second) which operates within the structure, and an external force termed the driving frequency which acts upon the system. Large differences between these two forces do not actively define the amplitude of the oscillations; however, when they are numerically equal to each other, harmonic resonance results, highlighting the maximum amplitude of the system (Knight, 2007). Damped systems utilise force to reduce the affect of oscillations on structural integrity, thereby preserving the lifecycle of the building. To design and appropriately calculate the functions of a damped harmonic oscillator, the following components are needed where is equal to a constant and is equal to the structural mass. This formula represents several functions of the structural stability including where in which a critically damped case arises and equilibrium is quickly established; where the system is over-damped and equilibrium is slowly reached; and where the system is under-damped and exhibiting transient behaviour (Elert, 2007). Perhaps the most famous example of harmonic resonance leading to structural deformation, the Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge in the United States has been oft studied by scientists and scholars to determine the forced collapse. The product of a galloping oscillation, this structure was subjected to high wind forces (35mph) which excited the bridge’s transverse vibration mode, resulting in three hours of motion with an amplitude of 1.5 feet (Irvine, 1999). A supplemental increase in wind to 42 miles per hour caused dampening cables to snap, resulting in an unbalanced load condition that increased the amplitude to 28 feet, and ultimately ended in collapse (Irvine, 1999). More modern examples of structures functioning under the support of dampers include Victory Monument on Poklyonnaya Hill in Russia which features three dynamic oscillation dampers, fifteen flexural oscillation dampers, and one torsional oscillation damper (â€Å"High-Rise Constructions,† 2008). Represent ative of a system utilising both active and passive damping forces to reduce structural vibrations, this structure rises 141.8 m and retains a skeletal framework of steel latticework, requiring the enhanced oscillation damping. In high rise building construction, oscillations due to wind forces acting in both linear and non-linear capacities directly contribute to structural instability. Etkin and Hansen (1984) note that within such systems, artificial dampers limit the motions and resulting stresses and through a determination of the amplitude of response consistent with wind related variables, predictive measures can identify the maximum reaction. Similar forces directly contribute to structural destabilisation, undermining integrity through resonance and incumbent force variables. In 1994 a crane in Germany demonstrated the influence of galloping induced oscillations as it was destroyed by fatigue cracks in the tension bars during the bending mode at resting state (Hortmanns and Ruscheweyh, 1997). Resulting from wind based forces in a state of quasi-stationary vibrations, such structural conflicts oftentimes occur in large scale construction applications and cylindrical structures (Hortmanns and Ruschewe yh, 1997). Theoretical investigation of multiple vector damped linear systems has determined that resonant modes are free of coupling due to the damping forces, causing the system to behave as a sum of independent one-dimensional subsystems (Mathieu, 1965). The initial formulaic calculation for such a system is as follows: When coupled with Raleigh’s assumption of proportion between stiffness and damping, this formula enables multiple variable calculations within a linear system that are mathematically independent of system counterparts (Mathieu, 1965). Effective in determining the relationship between frequency and harmonic balance at differing segments as well as varied temporal intervals, this equation is one more step towards comprehensive structural analysis. Considering that high rise structures demonstrate an incidence of wind-generated harmonic flux as well as torsional sinusoidal wave vibrations based on innate building oscillations, calculating amplitude at varied temporal positions offers long term predictions of stability and maximum collapse potential (Katagiri et al., 2001). The preceding sections demonstrate the innate relationship between harmonic resonance and the forces which act both internally and externally to a structure. Ultimately, resistance is derived through damped systems or a forced resonance, thereby counteracting the effects of wind, torsional movement, and ground shifting. More modern investigation into differentials between linear and non-linear systems as exemplified by exploiting Raleigh’s formulae in Mathieu demonstrate that variables within the resonant system oftentimes operate individually, thereby prescribing unique forces without concurrent incidence within counterparts. Long term implications of such predictive mechanisms include dynamic damping integration which acts on a sector basis to minimise torsion. References Elert, G. (2007) The Chaos Hypertextbook. Glenn Ellert. Accessed on 29/11/08 From: http://hypertextbook.com/chaos/41.shtml. Etkin, B; Hansen, J.S. (1984) â€Å"Effect of a Damper on the Wind-Induced Oscillations of a Tall Mast.† Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 17, pp. 11-29. â€Å"High Rise Constructions.† (2008) Melnikov Institute. Accessed on 29/11/08 From: http://www.stako.ru/show_prj_list.php?id=arch_highlang=engdata=arch_highprn=yes. Hortmanns, M; Ruscheweyh, H. (1997) â€Å"Development of a Method for Calculating Galloping Amplitudes Considering Nonlinear Aerodynamic Coefficients Measured with the Forced Oscillation Method.† Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 69, pp. 251-261. Irvine, T. (1999) â€Å"The Tacoma Narrows Bridge Failure.† December. Accessed on 29/11/08 From: http://www.vibrationdata.com/Tacoma.htm. Katagiri, J; Ohkuma, T; Marikawa, H. (2001) â€Å"Motion Induced Wind Forces Acting on Rectangular High-Rise Buildings with Side Ratio of 2.† Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Dynamics, Vol. 89, pp. 1421-1432. Knight, R.D. (2007) Physics for Scientists and Engineers. New York: Pearson Education. Mathieu, J.P. (1965) â€Å"On Damped Vibration Theory.† International Journal of Mechanical Science, Vol. 7, pp. 173-182.

Denman Leigh, :: essays research papers

You have entered into the world where you will further discover the secret behind Denman Leigh, the creator of his â€Å"twin.† Behind the curtains’ of Dr. Leigh is his science world filled with suspense that no one can imagine. This movie provides the opportunity for viewers to ponder how and why the â€Å"twin† was created. Science fiction opens the doors to imagination and infinite possibilities that keeps the viewers questioning â€Å"what if†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This sort of questioning makes people connect the movie to their reality and wonder whether science can really create new controversial innovations. Movies like Frankenstein made numerous viewers wonder how the monster was created in the first place and whether it was justified. Sorrow is Increased with Knowledge especially will cause the audience to say â€Å"Oh, oh† since Dr. Leigh is about to clone a human. Suspense is even included to give the audiences a shiver down their spines for them to fe el the dilemma and emotions the characters are going through in the movie. It also brings high levels of anticipation, uncertainty, anxiety, and nerve-wracking tension that will keep the audience cliff-hanging at the edge of their seats as the plot builds towards a climax. It is the most exciting feeling that most people love to feel and will always keep in mind once the movie ends. It is the perfect genre that will let people to think outside of the box and experience the thrill that will literally knock their socks off.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sorrow is Increased with Knowledge features one of the most authentic and realistic actors and actresses that helped bring the movie into life. Willem DaFoe as Denman Leigh, is specialized in playing the role as the curious scientist and clone since he starred in Spider Man as the green goblin with two different personalities as the foe and the scientist. Thus, he is capable of playing another similar role in this film. DaFoe loves to be a part of suspenseful movies such as Platoon, The Last Temptation of Christ, and Shadow of the Vampire, which makes him the perfect character to play the role as the cloning scientist. His sharp-featured with a seductive and serpentine smile allows the audience to see Denman’s frightening and mad character. DaFoe was given the name Denman Leigh since it defines â€Å"dark doctor† which truly reflects the character’s character in the movie. Melissa Ula, played by Kate Winslet, is known to playing roles in innoc ent, mystic, erotic, and historical movies.

Anne Hutchinson and the Consequences of Misreading :: Anne Hutchinson Essays

Anne Hutchinson and the Consequences of Misreading METHODOLOGY Literary historicism, in the context of this discussion, describes the interpretation of literary or historical texts with respect to the cultural and temporal conditions in which they were produced. This means that the text not only catalogues how individuals respond to their particular circumstances, but also chronicles the movements and inclinations of an age as expressed in the rhetorical devices of its literature. Evaluating the trial of Anne Hutchinson within such a theoretical framework means speculating on the genesis of her theological beliefs with recourse to prevailing theories of gender, class, and interpretation. Because texts are self-contained spheres of discourse, nuanced interpretations of them can be undertaken with greater assiduity than in the case of individuals whose private experiences remain largely concealed from the interpreter's knowledge. A historical analysis of Anne Hutchinson herself is hence, in the present discussion, secondary to the analysis of ho w she comes across in textual discourse as a palimpsest of seventeenth century gender controversy. According to David M. Carr, the history of Scriptural interpretation indicates that religious texts are popular candidates for reinterpretation and, as such, are spaces wherein the personal identity of the reader frequently inscribes itself at length: It is the reader and his or her interpretive community who attempts to impose a unified reading on a given text. Such readers may, and probably will, claim that the unity they find is in the text, but this claim is only a mask for the creative process actually going on. Even the most carefully designed text can not be unified; only the reader's attempted taming of it. Therefore, an attempt to use seams and shifts in the biblical text to discover its textual precursors is based on a fundamentally faulty assumption that one might recover a stage of the text that lacked such fractures (Carr 23-4). I do not so much wish to emphasize the deconstructive rhetoric of this approach as the fact that religious texts lend themselves to creative readings that originate in the reader's experiences or historical circumstances. In other words, the history of Scriptural interpretation exemplifies the text's role as a space where emerging ideologies may be refigured and incorporated into an authoritative cultural tradition. One may think of the genesis of such readings in terms of Harold Bloom's notion of literary succession as "an act of creative correction," the difference in this case being that Anne Hutchinson's creative act involves reviewing the Scripture itself and deriving spiritual knowledge from a finite textual canon (Bloom 30).

Egyptian Math Essay -- History Mathematics Research Papers

Egyptian Math   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The use of organized mathematics in Egypt has been dated back to the third millennium BC. Egyptian mathematics was dominated by arithmetic, with an emphasis on measurement and calculation in geometry. With their vast knowledge of geometry, they were able to correctly calculate the areas of triangles, rectangles, and trapezoids and the volumes of figures such as bricks, cylinders, and pyramids. They were also able to build the Great Pyramid with extreme accuracy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early surveyors found that the maximum error in fixing the length of the sides was only 0.63 of an inch, or less than 1/14000 of the total length. They also found that the error of the angles at the corners to be only 12", or about 1/27000 of a right angle (Smith 43).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Three theories from mathematics were found to have been used in building the Great Pyramid. The first theory states that four equilateral triangles were placed together to build the pyramidal surface. The second theory states that the ratio of one of the sides to half of the height is the approximate value of P, or that the ratio of the perimeter to the height is 2P. It has been discovered that early pyramid builders may have conceived the idea that P equaled about 3.14. The third theory states that the angle of elevation of the passage leading to the principal chamber determines the latitude of the pyramid, about 30o N, or that the passage itself points to what was then known as the pole star (Smith 44). Ancient Egyptian mathematics was based on two very elementary concepts. The first concept was that the Egyptians had a thorough knowledge of the twice-times table. The second concept was that they had the ability to find two-thirds of any number (Gillings 3). This number could be either integral or fractional. The Egyptians used the fraction 2/3 used with sums of unit fractions (1/n) to express all other fractions. Using this system, they were able to solve all problems of arithmetic that involved fractions, as well as some elementary problems in algebra (Berggren).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The science of mathematics was further advanced in Egypt in the fourth millennium BC than it was anywhere else in the world at this time. The Egyptian calendar was introduced about 4241 BC. Their year consisted of 12 months of 30 days each with 5 festival days at the end of the year. These festival days were dedicated t... ...alking about. If they found some exact method on how to do something, they never asked why it worked. They never sought to establish its universal truth by an argument that would show clearly and logically their thought processes. Instead, what they did was explain and define in an ordered sequence the steps necessary to do it again, and at the conclusion they added a verification or proof that the steps outlined did lead to a correct solution of the problem (Gillings 232-234). Maybe this is why the Egyptians were able to discover so many mathematical formulas. They never argued why something worked, they just believed it did. Works Cited: Berggren, J. Lennart. "Mathematics." Computer Software. Microsoft, Encarta 97 Encyclopedia. 1993-1996. CD- ROM. Dauben, Joseph Warren and Berggren, J. Lennart. "Algebra." Computer Software. Microsoft, Encarta 97 Encyclopedia. 1993-1996. CD- ROM. Gillings, Richard J. Mathematics in the Time of the Pharaohs. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1972. Smith, D. E. History of Mathematics. Vol. 1. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1951. Weigel Jr., James. Cliff Notes on Mythology. Lincoln, Nebraska: Cliffs Notes, Inc., 1991

Birmingham International Airport – Competitors

Like any other airport, Birmingham International has enough competitors that want their own share of its market. The theory is the bigger the better, and better = more profit. This means that BIA will keep having to continually renew their prices so that they stay ahead of the market, and cause their opposition to loose out. I will now discover how BIA keeps ahead of their game, consistently from year to year. One way that BIA keeps ahead is making sure that the facilities that they offer are up to scratch at all times, and they constantly update them to meet demand, and maintain them if necessary (such as toilets etc). BIA have also displayed instances where they care for the customer, one by investing in the EuroHub tunnel, and the other by adding an ‘Air-Rail' link to the airport, one of this have decreased the flight transfer times dramatically, and the other has made the travelling times lower than they were before. By creating and maintaining these type of facilities, they do not award their competitors the opportunity to beat them at their own game, and therefore will always stay on top, which has been proven in my other parts of work (how big they are). Referencing to the ‘Master Plan' again, they are going to develop the airport fore dramatically which shows again they are always growing bigger, and reducing the opportunity for any other airports to get in edgeways. If you were to contrast this airport against their major rivals you will see that London's Heathrow has become the biggest mainly because of the flights, facilities and the number of runways that are on offer. An airport that is hardly referenced to is ‘Heathrow' whom is growing at a rate like BIA, as they too have released plans to increate their traffic to 30,000,000 passengers flying with them every year, which was names the ‘Development Strategy for the year 2005'. Airport are no longer about providing solely the best flights, but they are about providing the best overall facilities to their customers, and if they fail to do this, you may see that in the future, they could loose out on potential customers. Alike with any business, BIA would encourage all customers to use the facilities more, an implying to use their competitors less! Despite this, you cannot persuade someone to travel from Heathrow to Birmingham so they can fly internationally, as this would not make sense if they could fly from their local airport, unless there were exquisite travel links, which took a fraction of the time that they should have. As a result of this, they would only try to tap the market that are available to them, which may result as far out as London, but if their campaigns produced results, then this would be all worth while. For example, London's Heathrow have an internal ‘train' system that will connect you from terminal to terminal, which I have personally experiences. This is like no other, and the facilities that are provided by them are excellent (not that I have tried BIA's personally), so I would find that hard to beat. On the other hand, if the facilities of BIA are anything like theirs, then they would stand a chance of matching the size of Heathrow, but this would not happen with the right staff motivation, capital and long term experience. One of the main factors within the competition is the flights, or even the lack off, and prices. For example, if someone in the vicinity of BIA is charged double that to fly to the destination they want that Heathrow is quoting, then it would obviously make sense for them to go to a different airport, which would mean BIA will loose customers quickly. The rule â€Å"it's 8 times harder to win an old customer back as to gain a new one† takes a leading role here. Providing that BIA has the right accessibility to their airports, and the fact that they offer good prices would mean that they will be quite successful in the long term. As you can see from my research below (provided courtesy of Expedia.co.uk), there are major price variations with the same flights: Birmingham International Airport Global: Adults: 2 | Children: 0 As you can see from my research above, it is not completely obvious who is the cheapest in the market, because it depends solely upon where the flight's destination is. For example: * At the specified time period, BIA was the cheapest to fly to Barcelona * In spite of this, they were the most expensive to fly to Copenhagen (When compared to Gatwick and Heathrow) I believe that the reason that BIA cannot be the cheapest for all of the available flights is because of the fact that if a fly is not popular, they would not fly that often, so tickets may be more expensive (for advanced bookings). As everyone has witnessed over the past year or so, each of the airports has had to dramatically increase the security due to terror attacks. They've had to reduce the number of liquids that you may carry on a flight, and they have diverted even entire flights because they thought there was a suspected attack, where 99% of the time, the were wrong. This shows that competition for security is not always good, as it may put of even the most frequent flyers because of all of the security checks that are involved.

Claudius has been presented in the theatre as a worthy King Essay

Claudius has been presented in the theatre as a worthy King and Polonius as an amiable and sensible father. What is your response to the ways in which Shakespeare presents one of these characters? It is hard to judge the character of Polonius in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, due to the fact Shakespeare presents many of the events not only through Hamlet’s eyes, but the eyes of Polonius’ children and the King, and through these different people he is presented in different ways. However, there is a great deal more to this multi-faceted character in the play, as his presence and actions in the play is of great importance, before and after his death. Polonius is presented in different ways in various stage productions; usually, he is presented as a wise man, and one with great influence upon his son and daughter, Laertes and Ophelia, and of a man highly respected by King Claudius, Queen Gertrude and the people of Denmark. Despite this, he can become a rather comic character, if the company wishes Hamlet to be presented more positively. As Polonius is presented through different productions in different ways, it is difficult to evaluate his true nature. As the play is largely presented through Hamlet’s eyes, it is from him we draw many of our opinions. It is eventually Hamlet that kills Polonius, stabbing him through the arras, and Hamlet who sends him off with such harsh words as â€Å"a foolish, prating knave†; it can be said that he encompasses aspects of this statement, as we see in different parts of the play. However, to be deeply cynical of Polonius is somewhat hard to do. Polonius, in the eyes of Claudius, the Queen, the words and actions of Laertes, Ophelia and the Danish people, and the obediency of Reynaldo give us a more reasoned insight into Polonius. Polonius can be seen as foolish mainly when talking to his servant, Reynaldo, wherein he directs Reynaldo as to how to spy on Laertes. During his speech, Polonius gets wrapped up in his own words, and seems to lose the points he is trying to get across; â€Å"And then, sir, does a’ this – he does – what was I about to say? By the mass I was about to say something. Where did I leave?†; Shakespeare also transfers from blank verse into prose, accentuating Polonius’ loss of grip. However, this may actually be cleverly checking if Reynaldo is listening; the fact he quotes him directly back â€Å"At ‘closes in the consequence’, at ‘friend or so’, / and, ‘gentlemen'† suggests many positive factors. For one, it is a reflection on Polonius’ authority and importance that Reynaldo remains attentive and quotes him back perfectly. Also, if this is a trick, Polonius may feel the matter is so important to his son’s welfare that he needs to test Reynaldo to see if he really is listening so that the surveillance can be perfectly executed. Polonius may be seen to lose his grip in his bouts of prating to the King and Queen in parts of the play too. His speech to Claudius and Gertrude concerning Hamlet’s madness is a prime example of Polonius’ prattling, as we see in his long-winded build up to his conclusion, that Hamlet is mad; Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,  And tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes,  I will be brief. Your noble son is mad.†.

Allelopathy Lab Essay

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this lab was to observe the effects of chemical warfare among plants. Plant seeds compete with other plants and seeds, for sunlight, and nutrients in order to germinate. In order to win dominance over other seeds, and reduce competition, plants produce and release a chemical in order to prevent other seeds from germination. This type of chemical warfare is referred to as allelopathy. Allelopathy exists in many parts of the plants such as leaves, roots, stems, or fruits, but not limited to just the plants. These toxic chemicals can also be found in the surrounding soil, to prevent other plants or seeds from absorbing proper nutrients to stimulate growth. Groups will test for the presence of allelopathic chemicals in plant shoots from the chaparral community. If the hollyhock exhibits allelopathy, then an extract will inhibit the germination, and or growth of the radish seeds. MATERIALS & METHODS The group prepared for this experiment in the lab of Professor Sadler at SBVC on the second floor of the HLS building. First, the groups set up for this lab by gathering leaves that Professor Sadler had already bagged and identified. Each sample was cleaned and striped of everything most importantly the stem, so that all was left was the leaf its self. Then each group weighed out Ten (10) grams of leaves, and then placed into a blender with One hundred (100) milliliters or water. The group then blended the leaves and water until the mixture was a very thin fluid. Three (3) folded cheesecloth’s were placed into a funnel in order to remove any solids from the fluid itself, then poured into a small beaker, to be used later on in the experiment. Then each group prepared two (2) Petri dishes, by placing three (3) filtered papers in the bottom of each Petri dish. After the filtered paper was placed into the bottom of each dish, twenty (20) radish seeds (Raphanus sativus) were then placed on top, and evenly distributed throughout both Petri dishes, as to make sure none of them were touching. A final filtered paper was placed on top of the seeds and ten (10) milliliters  were of distilled water was poured over the seeds of one Petri dish, the lid was then placed on the Petri dish and labeled â€Å"control†. In the other Petri dish, the ten (10) milliliters of the filtered and blended mixture was added to the second Petri dish to make sure the filter papers were evenly saturated. The second lid was then placed over the Petri dish and labeled â€Å" hollycock†. The Petri dishes will then sit for a week for germination and then evaluated. RESUTLS After one week of germination, the group removed the lids of each Petri dish, and removed each seed that had germinated and measured the length of the entire stem and leaves. Please notice the attached page for the data of each seed. In the Petri dish labeled â€Å"hollycock†, Experiment Group A. the group tested a total number of twenty (20) radish seeds (Raphanus sativus), out of the twenty (20) seeds, there was only a twenty-five (25) percent of germination, and only five (5) seeds had actually germinated. The length of each seed varied in lengths from the shortest, three (3) millimeters to the longest fourteen (14) millimeters. Each length of all twenty (20) seedlings were added up and divided by twenty (20) and the group averaged 2.7 millimeters in length of the germinated seedlings. In the second Petri dish labeled â€Å"control†, Experiment Group B, out of the twenty (20) radish seeds tested with just distilled water, a percentage of eighty-five (85) percent of successful germination, and the actual number was seventeen (17) actually germinated. The length of these seeds varied in sized from the shortest of seven (7) millimeters to the longest of ninety-two (92) millimeters. Each length of all germinated seeds from the controlled group were added up and then divided by twenty (20) and the average length of the germinated seedlings is 19.35 millimeters. DISSCUSSION As a result of this lab it has been prove that the hypothesis is in fact correct. In reference to the group’s data, the radish seeds exhibited allelopathy, but a majority of them not germinating. Allelopathy derives from two separate words, allelon which means â€Å"each other† and pathos means â€Å"to suffer.† It is a type of chemical warfare that is used between plants and against other plants. Oddly enough, experiment group B, the controlled group seeds, that received the distilled water, germinated more then the  experiment group A, the ones that received the blend of water and hollycock leaves. The only problem that the group faced was that it was difficult to completely blend the leaves of the hollycock plant to make it liquefiable enough to get just enough out to pour over the radish seeds. Other variables that could have possibly affected germination of the seeds, was but are not limited to, the amount of sunlight that was given to the seeds, and or if the liquid was evenly distributed. Although, the group measured out the exact amount of liquid needed for the seedlings, I can only wonder if some of the proteins or nourishments were left in the solid blending in the cheesecloths? In the end the hypothesis was supported by the groups data as the hollycock did exhibit signs of allelopathy.

Consumersim, How It Controls Our Society Essay

With the rise of consumerism, our global society has become increasingly focused on consuming goods and services, as a means to feel good about ourselves and to drive the economies of the world. Without consumerism, our economy would collapse dramatically. Advertisers drive our society through manipulation and persuasion to drive their consumers to buy their products which are not relevant to their needs. Through exploration of the psychology of advertising the five stages of life, advertising theories and techniques and the work of composers like Bruce Dawe and Macklemore provide an understanding of advertising by writing about how consumerism is being influenced in our daily lives. Consumerism is a phenomenon that was always immanent in the relatively developed societies, where people purchased goods and consumed resources excessive to their needs. However, there was a major change after the Industrial Revolution. In the 1700’s, people were defined by the type of job they ha d for employment. The role of status in terms of class was formed together around in ways in which work was organised, and their fortune of wealth. This changed because of the industrial revolution as it was a period of great change. New industries like factories were being developed rapidly as a result of a number of inventions such as; the steam engine and spinning jenny, this machinery brought the industrial revolution to become the juggernaut that it was. Focus turned to the newer inventions to make life easier for working individuals and families with children. Now men and women of this modern society are not confined by their choice of employment but their ownership of trendy brands. Advertisements influence our daily lives by introducing new and improved ad campaigns manipulating the consumer into purchasing their product. Advertisements persuade consumers largely by appealing to their emotions, often using sensory information to get consumers to feel as though there is a sense of urgency about the offer, such as saying buy now, or limited time offer. There are many strategies that advertisers use when creating their ads and almost all of these strategies use the consumer’s emotions to make the consumer, desire the product. One of the strategies is Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs which is a five level pyramid that people go through to have a fulfilling life. Advertisers use this strategy by appealing to the consumer of a specific  level, if a consumer is on the Stage Three-Love and Belonging Needs, this level on the hierarchy is the acceptance and desire to fit in with other people, this can mean friends, family, significant others, or all of above. The men and women in this category will usually purchase the following item for the following reasons; magazines and anything else that will keep them updated with the latest trends, name branded item, perfumes and colognes, make-up, and sexy clothes to attract people of the opposite sex and gain love, lastly self-improvement books to avoid criticism and to be accepted by society. An example of this strategy is celebrity endorsements; this strategy is used in beauty products such as the Katy Perry Proactive Skin Care advertisement. In this advertisement, Katy Perry is indicating when she used the proactive treatment; her acne automatically disappeared within a short amount of time. Due to this product she started to feel confident in herself with perfect, clear skin manipulating the consumers to feel the same way. These products are not needed for the people living the life in stage five because they are self-actualisation. In this stage, the person feels that they have become everyt hing they possibly can as they have reached the level of extreme peace, knowledge and self-fulfilment they do not need anything else to make them happy. Advertisers tailor their advertisements towards target audiences by broadcasting their advertisements over the internet, television commercials and radio stations using basic methods of persuasion forcing their consumers to purchase their product. The advertisers achieve their goals by using the most common strategy for targeting their audiences which is AIDA. AIDA stands for (Attention, Interest, Desire and Action), this method is very helpful for the advertisers when designing powerful advertisements. An example of this is capturing the attention of the target audience. People see hundreds of advertisements daily, but they only read a small portion of the advertisement. Which is why capturing the consumer’s attention is the important part of designing the advertisement. The advertisers use large exciting headlines to make t heir advertisement interesting such as; Announcing, Breakthrough, Shocking, How to _, these words always breakthrough capturing the consumer’s attention. This kind of strategy works on consumers because the advertisers are making their advertisement seem exciting and new. Starting off with such powerful words make the consumers want to stop, watch, and listen. Another strategy is the Quadrant Theory. The Quadrant Theory relies on the natural path and western culture. In western cultures, people read from left to right and start from the top left corners, travelling right across the page and travelling down. Our eyes are trained to move this way so advertisers will put the most important info at the top of the page and lesser or secondary info at the bottom. The images are designed to attract attention at the top of the page where our eyes would naturally go anyway. An example of this strategy is the Whisker’s advertisement. In this advertisement our eyes automatically go straight towards the bulky grey elephant on the left side of the image, commencing right across the image to see a small kitten attacking the elephant with its claws, ending the advertisement with a message â€Å"Feeding your cat’s instincts†. This kind of strategy works on consumers because Whiskas is indicating to their target audience that the produ ct is meeting their cats’ instinct of desires by capturing their prey, and their prey of desire is captured as the elephant in their food product for cats. Techniques of persuasion are used by advertisers to manipulate the consumer and persuade them that they require to have it, right then and there. There are large numbers of techniques used in advertisements; most of the advertisers use the subtle use of humour and sex appeal. In the Aami Insurance advertisement, Rhonda is referring to her Bali trip as exotic and her interpretation of Ketut’s â€Å"You look so hot today, Rhonda† and †Like a sunrise† lines as flirting, when he is obviously referring to her badly sunburnt skin, is quite humorous and real. As Rhonda is replying with â€Å"Kiss me Ketut†, this is an enormous move away from typical car insurance ads where people have been in a car accident. It is only in the latest instalment when Rhonda returns home from Bali and is relaying her interpretation of her meeting with Ketut to her friend, which a minor car accident occurs. Luckily enough Rhonda was insured with Aami, they were quick to assist her. These aspects of the Aami advertisement appeal to the target audiences because they are wanting the consumer’s to think of the advertis ement when picking a choice of insurance, as Aami will always be there to assist you fast no matter where you are or how small the incident was. Another example of an advertisement that uses persuasive techniques is the â€Å"Despicable Me 2, Happy Meal† McDonalds advertisement which has the characters from the Despicable Me 2 being the main focus. However this ad is most appealing to children as the presence of minions are making it humorous and exhilarating using a mix of illusion and reality together as one. These techniques are pressuring the children to want their product with limited time offers. Even though these techniques are manipulating we are not completely blind to the effects of consumerism because some advertisements end up failing to attract the consumer’s attention and interest which makes the advertisement fail. Some people dynamically point out the negative aspects of consumerism composing poems or soundtracks in the way of which consumerism has taken over and is operating our minds. People like Bruce Dawe who has in sighted us the negative effects of consumerism through his poems. Bruce Daweà ¢â‚¬â„¢s poetry focuses on the concept of consumerism surrounding the modern era. Dawe’s poem â€Å"Televistas† follows a story-line of two characters watching television. He composes this romance converting it over to a parody (making fun of something by pretending it is serious and doing it in the same style) of two people meeting and falling-in-love. Dawe pinpoints this parody by saying that instead of the couple sharing a kiss, they â€Å"shared a samboy† (packet of chips), instead of gazing into another’s eyes, they were â€Å"Crunching in the afterglow† He is highlighting a serious message that perhaps like meeting a person, spending time with them, falling-in-love and sharing a first kiss are being replaced by consumer products such as watching television and eating brand named food. Bruce Dawe wants his reader to contemplate about our relationships and how they are being affected by the concept of consumerism. Dawe’s poem â€Å"Amer icanized† negotiates the negative effects of consumerism. This serves as an extended metaphor for how consumerism examines and dominates our society. His negative tone is made clear through lines such as (She loves him†¦but will not allow him outside. â€Å"The streets are full of nasty cars and men†) she whispers , this quote demonstrates the mother’s fear of her child being exposed to consumerism and how it dominates our society, protecting the child from being manipulated into desiring products he does not need. Dawe also highlights how consumerism compels us to consider buying products  excessively is healthy for us through the quote ‘she loves him’ ‘she’ is the mother for who consumerism is in this metaphor. This is meant to say how consumerism makes us consider it to be valuable to us. Dawe’s achievement is to have his audience realise that consumerism is suffocating by shoving new products into our faces, when in reality we do not need them at all. The song â€Å"WINGS† by Rap composer Macklemore and producer Ryan Lewis is about the pursuit of identity through the means of consumerism. The attempt is to dissect our infatuation and attachment to logos, labels, brands an d the fleeting happiness that is intrinsically linked to the almighty power of the purchase. Macklemore talks about how people do not question or even think about consumerist ways but just follow them. He quotes ‘Movement told me to be a consumer and I consumed it’ this is a good example of the trend ‘Nike’. ‘Nike’ is such a popular designer label for sports gear, the society do not care for what the product is or how much it costs, but the value it can have for them. Societies are able to keep up with these latest developments and movements without even blinking. Macklemore also talks about people judging others by the clothes they uniform in the quote’ More than just a pair a pair of shoes’ this is implying the shoes aren’t just ordinary shoes. These shoes are representing this person for who they are. Through ‘Wings’ Macklemore communicates that consumerism has manipulated the society to believe that they ne ed to wear specific brands to fit in and be accepted. Through the exploration of consumerism it has become clear we the societies are restricted by this way of life so much we don’t even realise it. The effect of living in this society is so great it has even been cultured from birth to adulthood contributing to buying popular brands, which the people do not necessarily need for survival and we are always exposed with advertisements everywhere we go. Having the true understanding of the Psychology of Advertising it becomes apparent we will realise how consumerism is dominating our world. This brings awareness of how consumerism and advertisement has taken domination of our lives and addresses out to the public. An analysis of the Psychology and techniques of advertisements has defined today’s society on how it has been dominated and manipulated with use of the poetry of Bruce Dawe’s ‘Americanized’ and ‘Televistas’, with also Macklemore soundtrack ‘WINGS’. With the rise of consu merism, our global society has become increasingly focused on consuming  goods and services, as a means to feel good about ourselves and to increase the economies of the world. Without consumerism, our economy would collapse dramatically. The advertisers motivate society through manipulating and persuasion to force their consumers to purchase their products which are not relevant to their daily needs. However, to make consumers stay interested in the product of desire, the advertisers enhance the awareness of their product sub-consciously to make sure their advertisement stays in their minds for the consumer to buy. In today’s societies, consumerism is the tale of life, even though it has dominated and manipulated us into thinking we have to follow the procedures of buying products we do not need.

Study guide for final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Study guide for final - Essay Example For more than 30 years, Garrison expressed his views against the constitution through The Liberator. He was in favor of instant equality and freedom unlike his peers. The dreams of Garrison came true after the end of Civil War in 1865 and abolition of slavery in US as mentioned in the 13th Amendment of the constitution. However, there are some instances where Garrison hurt the cause of abolition by his uncompromising stance against slavery. In the era when slavery was commonly accepted, Garrison was against the institutional racism and always blamed that the current condition of blacks undermined the value of human equality in the Nation. During that period, most of the liberal reformers supported the idea of gradual removal of slavery. Garrison often accused these reformers on the ground of â€Å"moral lapses† and stood strong against all the other abolitionists who opposed his idea of immediate termination of slavery. IN addition to it, Garrison was against the U.S. Constitu tion in terms of laws governing slavery and he publicly declares the constitution as a flawed document. Most of the former reformers considered this firm stand of Garrison as an unproductive for the overall movement. It was quite common for Garrison to receive threats for his life because of his outspoken views on slavery. The state of Georgia even issues a reward of $5,000 for the arrest of Garrison because of his public speeches. According to the historical facts, some of the Southern counties even declared bounty on his head for his stance against slavery. 2. Mexico was facing multiple internal struggles immediately after attaining independence from the rulers of Spain in 1821, which later verged to a civil war. However, the country was very much united when it came to the independence of Texas. The Mexican government was ready to go for a war if Texas was to be annexed in the westward expansion of the U.S. However, the ideology of Manifest Destiny received great support from Pol k, America’s President, and both the nations went out for a war between 1846 and 1848. On an overall, there were several reasons that lead to this war, but the primary causes included the annexation of Texas by the U.S. government and the desire to own multiple Mexican territories. Mexico was attacked by the U.S. army on three different fronts and faced multiple defeats in the battlefield. The war ended with the capturing of Mexico City in September 1847 by the American General, Winfield Scott, and the Mexican administration’s agreeability for further negotiations. The war was particularly painful and disastrous for Mexico, which has to sign away multiple states including California, Utah, New Mexico, and Nevada along with other parts of the country. 3. Manifest Destiny found its origin in the 1840s. The main ideology behind Manifest Destination was regarding the destiny and expansion of America in the 19th century. According to Manifest Destiny, American was destined to stretch its territories from one coast to another. Manifest Destiny ideology was one of the main reasons behind the removal of Native Americans, the Mexican war, and western fuel settlement. Most of the Americans were of the opinion that expansion of their nation was a part of natural evolution. However, manifest destiny was fuelled by the racial superiority and the pervasive belief of Americans in their culture. It

Appropriateness of the Edinburgh Tourism Strategy Essay

Appropriateness of the Edinburgh Tourism Strategy - Essay Example The motivating factors to changing tourism industry within Edinburgh have been the idea of changing social, economical, and cultural perspectives of the industry. Through changing tourism industry, the previously known season and leisure industry has turned into a rich, diverse, and all-year round thereby attracting many tourists, which has eventually transformed Edinburgh in many different ways and perspectives. From the concepts of the aforementioned facts, the following analysis attempts to create an understanding of the appropriateness of strategies applied in a bid to attract tourists within Edinburgh. The appropriateness of Edinburgh tourism strategy is evaluated in terms of suitability, acceptability, and feasibility. Synopsis of the Edinburgh Tourism Strategy Many transformations have taken place within Edinburgh tourism industry over the past two decades. Nonetheless, this has not been by accident. After realizing the significance of tourism industry, Edinburgh decided to de velop an effective strategy, which was to enhance the industry in a bid to attracting more visitors and income from the industry. Edinburgh tourism industry developed an effective strategy aiming at making the industry better for the next centuries. The strategy revolved around increasing number of visitors as well as income per visitor. The first step taken by Edinburgh in developing an effective tourism industry strategy was to create a vision, which was aimed at making the business within the industry an all seasoned. Evidently, an all seasoned industry was going to increase the number of visitors as well as income obtained. Edinburgh had two main aims that the strategy aimed at achieving through the vision; increasing tourism value as well as enhancing image and reputation of the city in respect to tourism. Three main objectives was developed and stated concisely in a bid to ensuring that the aims were obtained. These objectives included to increase number of visits, average spe nding of the visitors, as well as reducing seasonality across the industry of the sector. The main essence of the Edinburgh tourism industry was to achieve and maintain marketing segments mix that had the capacity and capability of delivering good high yield, all seasoned business activities, and promoting ‘virtuous circle’ (Team Tourism Consulting, ETAG, 2011). In addition, the Edinburgh tourism strategy considered some of the track records of success in a bid to making them better and greater. Over the past two decades, Edinburgh has been able to attain specific benefits and success in terms of growth in both the number of visitors as well as the income obtained from the same. It is through future investments that Edinburgh embarked on to achieve specific aims and objectives in the tourism industry. The strategy developed for Edinburgh tourism was to maintain momentum of the growth that has been achieved for the last two decades for the next decades to 2020 and even b eyond. Investing into the future as defined by this strategy involved continuous reinvesting in existing products as well as innovating in new product developed and other new forms of marketing. Marketing mix was an important aspect of the strategy aimed at making the tourism industry better and greater. Investing into the future also involved obtaining more resources such as human resource through enhanced employment strategies (Team Tourism Consulting, ETAG, 2011). The Edinburgh tourism strategy also identified strengths and challenges in attaining such visions, aims, and objectives. Product strengths

Colon Cancer in Tissue Engineering Literature review

Colon Cancer in Tissue Engineering - Literature review Example The reason being that reconstructive surgery does not replace the biological functioning of an organ or tissue 4. Medical researchers have had to be innovative. Their innovation has led to tissue engineering (TE), which is the initiation of the regeneration of organs and tissues by taking advantage of the individual’s self-healing capability 5. Normally, tissue engineering purposes to control cells to trigger the regrowth of the respective tissue 6. A process that is termed as therapeutic because it replaces the biological role of the damaged or malfunctioning tissues or organs 7. What does TE involve? TE comprises of the artificial stimulation of the capacity of cell differentiation, synthesis, and increase 8. It utilizes two tactics. The transplantation of cells 9 and the use of biomaterials and biomedical machinery 10. In the utilization of biomaterials and associated technologies, there needs to be the creation of in vivo like conditions. What is the purpose of these in vivo like conditions? The in vivo like environment is developed to ensure that the cells are able to boost their differentiation and proliferation to a sufficient standard that allows the biological capability of tissue regrowth 11. Hence, a cell-manipulated natural healing of the particular organ and tissue is attained without the need of transplanting cells. In addition, transplantation of cells is undertaken by transferring cells that have a huge capability for the differentiation and growth of cells to activate the regeneration of tissue in accordance with its potential 12. In this technique, the transfer is done using the infusion tactic 13 or the bolus injection method 14. However, in the use of biomedical and biomaterial technologies, bio signaling and cell scaffolds techniques have been used to deliver the necessary biomaterials that avail the required conditions for tissue regrowth.

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major Literature review - 1

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major sport events - Literature review Example Literature review for this study has been conducted in the traditional manner by first reviewing literature on volunteering in general and then moving on to the specific subject of volunteering in sports. The barriers and motivation to volunteering both in general and in the sport sector have been evaluated. Data on the economy value of volunteering both in the general and the sports sectors have been reviewed and the dynamics of volunteering evaluated. This section reviews literature on the concept of volunteering in the general sector. The year 2011 was declared the â€Å"European Year of Volunteering† aimed at recognizing the contribution that volunteers make to society (Cattan, Hogg & Hardill, 2011). This demonstrates the value of volunteering in a society and particularly in Europe. The voluntary sector comprises of all activities and services extended on the basis of volunteering – unpaid work in a formal business environment (Gallarza, Arteaga, Floristà ¡n & Gil, 2009). Volunteering services has its roots in a positive attitude that gives rise to the feeling that serving the society or helping people can lead to a higher degree of life satisfaction. However, the definitions of volunteering and volunteerism range from being altruistic to engaging in unpaid activity. Volunteering has been defined as working for no gain (Waikayi et al, 2012), and as an activity that is freely chosen, does not involve remuneration and helps and benefits people beyond their immediate family (Cattan, Hogg & Hardill, 2011; Hoeber, 2010). Definitions from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating, Statistics Canada, highlight several key dimensions of volunteering – free choice, formal structure and lack of payment (Hoeber, 2010). The nature of volunteering action can range from volunteering out of free will, being coerced to volunteer or being obligated to volunteer.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 48

Marketing - Essay Example realize a handsome profit and retain relevance in their various industries, all business organizations have to come up with serious marketing strategies. However, advertising is something that is particularly important in the hospitality industry. Hotels such as the Hilton have to keep improving their effectiveness because they are constantly being confronted by the challenge of retaining loyal customers while drawing new ones. The hospitality industries, like others which have been negatively affected by the recession, have had to make significant changes in order to attract customer. It has experienced a lot of fragmentation that makes strategies such as target marketing and market segmentation extremely important. There are different reasons for the changes that have affected the hospitality industry. In the first place, due to the recession, hotels have had to effect necessary budget reductions.1 There has also been change in the lifestyles of many individuals who were formerly in a position to allocate a lot of spending capital on leisure trips. Tourists have developed an interest in a diverse range of recreational activities that create challenges for hotels that are not ready to respect such preferences. Another challenge has to do with marketing expenses. Increased promotional costs mean that hotels have to invest in more cost effective advertising strategies that put more emphasis on the type of services on offer, as well as educational pursuits, than on potential promises.2 To remain competitive, hotels such as the Hilton Group also have to invest in reaching targeted markets, and establishing measurable objectives. One of the biggest challenges in the marketing of recreational facilities lies in the fact that, unlike actual physical goods, recreational breaks have to be consumed on-site.3 Even though hotels may create a spectacular advertisement about the services they offer, the advertisement does not deliver the true experience. This is a product

How to be a better writer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

How to be a better writer - Essay Example Also, several books are available to teach these principles. Once the principles have been learnt, then one needs to develop vocabulary. Learning some new words on daily basis is a very good practice and causes one’s vocabulary to expand. This helps in writing because one knows what the exact word that should be used in a sentence to convey the meaning as one intends to be conveyed to the audience is. These days, dictionaries both in book form and those available online are very good sources of vocabulary building. Once sufficient vocabulary has been built, one should practice writing papers of each type. In the start, it will take time. But as time passes, one will develop speed and will be able to write more in less time. Also, the quality of writing may not be very good in the start, but as one practices more, the quality of writing starts to improve. One needs to practice writing daily to achieve

Consequentialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Consequentialism - Essay Example Having to make decisions based on the general welfare of people or its capacity to bring about positive change is justifiable under all circumstances. Consequentialism has been accepted by many realists, who understand that some actions, even if considered wrong with regard to moral rules, may have positive outcomes, benefitting a large number of people, which then justifies the act. The argument presented is to validate the superiority of Consequentialism over other ethical theories in practice. It is important to defend the ethical theory of Consequentialism which can be the key to maintaining stability in the society, without forcing upon them a set of rules to accept as moral standards, giving them more realistic options, and allowing them to decide upon the moral implications of their actions based on its outcome. It requires to be accepted as a moral theory and not an incessant practical casuistry as alleged by opponents of Consequentialism. Standard rules that define moral values are not practically feasible, as many decision making situations may be indefinable in terms of morality. Standard Consequentialism is a theory of decision. It attempts to identify, from a given set of options, the option which is right that an agent should take. The right option to any decision is the option that maximizes probable value or that which will have the best probable consequences, which directly aims at common welfare, which should be the underlying goal of an ethical theory such as in Consequentialism. The function which determines what is the right decision is also the function which ought to be applied in decision-making: it serves at once to evaluate options, and to select them. (Pettit) Consequentialism promotes a more realistic and futuristic approach to define moral standards, implying that, a certain act may be justified by its

Animal Cruelty Essay Example for Free

Animal Cruelty Essay To bring awareness to my audience about animal cruelty. Introduction: As humanity has grown, there has been an increase in authority and rules and regulations of everyday life. One of these rules is animal cruelty. Animal cruelty simply means cruel unjustified treatment of animals and sometimes pets to unnecessary harm and pain. One principal type of animal cruelty is torture. It is not ethical, moral, or legal but we humans do it.. One of the places we see the most animal cruelty is in the circuses. Animals in circuses are regularly and dangerously exposed to many abuses and diseases. Circuses do not practice what they preach and indulge in animal cruelty on a regular basis, after the training sessions of the circuses, tight collars, whips; beatings and torture are the order of the day for these animals. Elephants are one of the animals that suffer from major diseases in the circuses like tuberculosis and can infect humans with the bacterial disease. Some cases show that the elephants were not cured medically for wounds caused during beatings and other natural causes. Circuses have known to keep a large amount of soil ready, to hide the wounds and the blood on the elephants. Some elephants have also suffered from lameness, arthritis and food abscesses. Elephant deaths in circuses are normally caused due to osteoporosis. Elephants suffer from Osteoporosis simply because they do not have wide spaces to move around. Due to the cruel treatments, it has been proved that circus animals are dying at a higher rate than they are breeding. Circuses teach children that its acceptable to abuse and mistreat animals for amusement Another animal cruelty is with dogs, people seem to think that fighting is a dog’s nature. Dogs are not the same as humans, but dogs do feel physical pain. Just because a dog cant say That hurts! doesnt mean they dont feel pain. Dogs also suffer from feelings such as loneliness when left chained. Thats why they howl and bark, to try and get some attention and if they are ignored dogs stops howling, its because hes given up hope. So much cruelty is involved in dogfighting. Dogs are tortured to make them violent. Kittens and puppies are used as bait to teach dogs to kill. Illegal drugs and weapons are usual at dogfights. Fighting dogs usually live on chains their whole lives. Other animal cruelty we see is when they make experiments on animals, like monkeys, mouse, gineapigs etc. Monkeys and others animals do not have identical immune systems as humans, and may not respond to drugs or vaccines in the same way. Animals are often depressed alternatives for humans, and some mixtures that may well cause no harm to an animal, could seriously harm a human being. Also, a drug that is toxic to the animal it is tested on may have no toxicity, and even healing benefits in humans. Pain and suffering still occur, and simply being in captivity can cause great distress to animals, just as it would to a human. We most of the times forget the pain and suffering we are causing to animals, we use them as objects of study, rather than live creatures, and this can mean they are treated as disposable rather than indispensable.

Grapes of Wrath Essay Example for Free

Grapes of Wrath Essay In Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck wrote about the Joads and their forced migration from Oklahoma to California. They were forced to leave their simple farming life because of the Great Depression. Through the struggles of the members and friends of the Joads, Steinbeck was able to portray an undesirable, yet accurate picture of America in the early twentieth century. Thus, this story is considered as one of the most powerful social novels in human history. But, Steinbeck did not just describe the country where he lived. In the later part of the novel, Steinbeck crafted a political message that is intended to change the present and unacceptable state of America. In Nobody Knows My Name, James Baldwin wrote a series of essays about the experiences, thoughts, and struggles of an African-American deep in the heart of Europe. The collection of essays appears to be a rite of passage for Baldwin who did not want to be labeled as a Negro writer, but simply an American writer. But, through the series of essays, Baldwin wove together his own political message, which wanted to radically shift the point of view of society about what America is all about. In both pieces of literature, it can be found that the written works of art are not just mere expressions of the authors’ creativity. This is because a simple creative expression is wandering and aimless. The written art is similar to a powerful sword that can be wielded to effect political and social changes, but this figurative sword obeys the authors’ personal views that are derived from their personal experiences. Despite the personal basis of the authors’ opinions, the political nature of the written art is needed in societies that are thrown in the midst of division and conflict because the political nature of written art serves as a guiding beacon of light, both for the ordinary citizens and for the political leaders. Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath has many interpretations that originate from varying perspectives, such as religious, economic, social, political, and personal. The same could be said of Baldwin’s Nobody Knows My Name. Different and numerous interpretations of literary works are acceptable because that is the nature of all literary works and the authors could not be confronted and asked to choose which interpretation is the most accurate. It is probable that Steinbeck purposely wove a novel that is a mosaic of several messages. And it is also probable that Baldwin delved into different issues and each essay in the said collection might be about more than one perspective. But, in comparing the novel and the essay collection, the two perspectives that will be analyzed are the similar personal and the political beliefs of the authors about the American society. Both Steinbeck and Baldwin see a divided American society. In Steinbeck’s novel, the division is between the rich and the poor. This division is felt sharply in the Great Depression when the rich and powerful preyed on the desperation of the poor people. The reputed rich grape vineyards in California became attractive to the Joads and other poor people who are suffering the pangs of hunger due to the poor harvest. The house was dead, and the fields were dead† (Steinbeck, 135). The family chose to uproot themselves and went to California. But, the vineyards did not deliver the promise of providing enough food security for the people. Instead, the Joads toiled hard, day and night, but remained poor, oppressed, and discriminated. In Baldwin’s essay, the division is between the Blacks and the White. The Civil War has ended but the discrimination against the Black Americans remained. Many Americans gave lip service to the concept of equality and assimilation, but it is far more difficult to remove the generations-old dogma of Blacks being an inferior race. Hoping to achieve the desired state of equality, the Blacks fought by excelling in the fields of sports, music, and literature. But this was not enough. Instead, the Blacks continued to endure discrimination. The nature of the division that was described by Steinbeck may not be exactly the same as the division described by Baldwin. But the division and the conflict are strongly felt. And because of the presence of the conflict, America is not united. Unfortunately, there are more conflicts that exist other than the conflict between people of different races and people who come from different socio-economic status. There are conflicts based on gender, education, and sexual orientation. â€Å"The tensions of American life, as well as the possibilities, are tremendous† (Baldwin, 11). But what could be the long-term implications of having a divided country? Both Steinbeck and Baldwin predicted that the present divisions in America would lead to overwhelming wrath that might destroy society. In Steinbeck’s novel, the poor finds that many of their opportunities are kept away from them or wasted away by the rich and powerful. â€Å"The people come with nets to fish for potatoes in the river, and the guards hold them back †¦ in the eyes of the hungry there is a growing wrath† (Steinbeck, 477). It is suggested that the travels of Steinbeck revealed to him the desolate state of his country and the increasing resentment of the poor. In Baldwin’s essay Fifth Avenue, Uptown: a Letter from Harlem, he described the rotting and festering social situation of Harlem, the corner of the world where he grew up. Baldwin drew upon his experiences and observations when he was still living in Harlem to create this essay that depicts the oppression that the Whites wielded through the police. The policemen â€Å"represent the force of the white world the black man corralled up here, in his place† (Baldwin, 57). The Blacks have began to realize that they were being discriminated and that the basic right to human dignity was been taken away from them through the selfish and callous way that the Whites treated them in the past decades. But, instead of being apologetic, the Whites, being the majority, demanded assimilation. It would be inevitable that the Blacks would feel resentment. And with resentment, there would be a burgeoning anger. Steinbeck and Baldwin are personally aware of the negative effects of the existing conflicts in their societies. They knew that anger would be fermented. There is a limit to the patience of the people who are being oppressed. What then should Americans do with the existing conflicts in their country? Both Steinbeck and Baldwin personally believed that there must be a radical political change in the country, but for any radical change to happen, there should also be a radical change within each individual American. In Steinbeck’s novel, there were many characters that underwent changes throughout the story. However, the character that underwent the most radical change was Rose of Sharon, who, after suffering from the loss of her own child, has agreed to nurse an old man. â€Å"Then she lay down beside him. He shook his head slowly from side to side. Rose of Sharon loosened one side of the blanket and bared her breast† (Steinbeck, 619). This last scene in Steinbeck’s novel often elicits a violent reaction from readers. But, upon reflection, it was the most humane act of all. The violent reaction occurred simply because many readers are trapped within the bounds of society’s conventions. Without these conventions, the readers will be rid of preconceptions that prevent them from reaching out to other people. Without preconceptions, the division between the poor and the rich would eventually disappear. In Baldwin’s essays, the personal change that he wanted to obtain is to prevent the self from following the tides of anger that will sweep and destroy the country. Thus, instead of wearing the easy cloak called Negro writer, he chose to create a new one, the American writer. He found that the American writers of his time lack the sense of purpose that a literary artist should have. This is because the American writer, similar to the many readers of Steinbeck, is trapped by conventions of society. Baldwin believes that unless the American writer â€Å"is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a regular guy that he realizes how crippling this habit has been† (Baldwin, 6). If all Americans will remove the concept of race from their minds, they will find that there is no Negro problem after all. The concept of effecting an individual change prior to achieving a wider social change evolved primarily from the personal experiences of the authors and from their observations. These were distilled to create the plot of the novel and the subject of the essays. As influential authors, were Steinbeck and Baldwin ethically appropriate in creating literary works that came from their personal experiences and personal political beliefs? The answer is an affirmative. The literary artist must take his own personal history, distill truth from his experiences, and use his insights responsibly by sending a political and social message to the rest of the world.